Church Management Software

We exist to serve small and mid-sized churches by providing the simplest and most intuitive cloud-based church management software on the planet at a price that won't break the bank. Complex systems may have their place in large churches that have staff devoted to the database to help everyone else use it, but we understand that for small and mid-sized churches, it needs to make sense without the instruction book. Breeze is for those who want it to just work.

Managing your church requires a lot of moving pieces. Aplos brings all the pieces together to save you time so that you can focus on your mission. Aplos is a simple, online church management software where no experience is required. With it, you can track your designated funds, accept online giving, engage your members, manage events, build a website, and save time by automatically generating giving statements. Learn more about Aplos.

It's time to upgrade the offering plate and bring technology innovation into the church. Tithe.ly exists to grow generosity by taking giving mobile while making it simple, fast and secure. We've built a solution that makes it simple for your church to get started. You can signup free in minutes with no long term contracts, setup fees, or monthly fees. You'll get web, mobile, text, admin, and kiosk giving all-in-one package! Create an account to try it out. http://get.tithe.ly

The all-in-one Church Database Software that empowers your organization with the most user-friendly, mobile-friendly features in the market; allowing you to customize your system to meet your church's specific needs. Our mission is to help equip your team to maximize outreach, focus on your members, and work effectively on what matters most in your ministries. At WCC, simplicity is key, and our desire to help you grow and successfully manage your church is our top priority.

Starts at just $9.99/mo! Powerful, easy to use church software for attendance, contributions, groups, pledging, donor statements, mass email/text, secure child check-in/out, mail merging, robust custom reporting and much more! PC/MAC/iOS/Android. Choose cloud based or local data. Over 35,000 churches have switched to Servant Keeper. With powerful, affordable applications for any device, find out why so many churches use Servant Keeper!

Sage Intacct helps CFOs access integrated management and financial reports across their business entities in minutes not days to grow and drive their business. Sage Intacct is the AICPA preferred financial management product that allows your growing mid-sized business to go further, faster with the core financials you need to automate your most important processes, reduce your reliance on spreadsheets, and give you greater visibility into your business performance.

TouchPoint is an enterprise online church management solution that helps leaders grow disciples. Connect your church between Sundays from any device. We offer a robust off-the-shelf solution that has the flexibility of a custom system. With our fully integrated mobile app, you can update contact records, receive tasks, manage contributions, register for events, stream media, and more. We offer coaching and the most responsive support team in the industry.

ELEXIO provides the only fully-integrated church management solutions that simplify assimilation, discipleship, event management, contribution management, and more. Our ChMS is Mac, PC, and mobile compatible so you can access your data from any device, anywhere, at any time.

Increase tithes and offerings and simplify your church management with Continue To Give. Let your parishioners pledge anytime, anywhere, and from any device so you never miss a gift. Your members will be able to give one time or recurring through any of our great online giving options (Text, App, Kiosk, Online, Facebook), and youll be able to manage all your relationships in our Donor Management System. We even top it off with direct merchant account so you can get the best rates possible!

Empowering churches for 30 years with integrated and innovative data management. For office, website and mobile access to data about Members, Contributions, Accounting & Payroll, Event Registration, Facilities, and Check-In/Check-Out, plus easy to use tools for online donations, event registrations member directories, mass communications. Configures to your needs: Mac, Windows, iOS, Android * Local OR Cloud data storage * Plans starting at $35/month.

INSTALLED or CLOUD - your choice! Installed = No Monthly Fees Cloud = Access anywhere Your church can be MORE effective, develop MORE committed members and reach MORE people. Excellerate has been helping thousands of churches for over 15 years with - member tracking, visitor follow-up, small groups, contributions, child check-In, volunteer scheduling and more. Try it Free!

As a unified platform, Kindrid empowers everyone to give on any device: by text, on the web, and even through your church's app or kiosk. This simple, intuitive, and seamless solution helps churches see increases in total giving and new givers. Your church can witness that same kind of accelerated giving and impact with Kindrid. Equip 100% of your church to give instantly with Kindrid by joining now.

Gather all your people data into one place. Make it easy to access and use by staff, leaders, volunteers and attenders using Text-To-Church. Need help with membership, groups, assimilation, volunteer management, event registration, secure check-in, contributions, online giving, email, texting, reporting, workflows or anything related to people data? We got you covered. We blend the best practices of ministry with the latest technology innovations to help you mobilize your church.

IconCMO is designed to help you connect with the congregation while reducing costs associated with traditional software applications. The seamless integration between Membership, Contributions, Fund Accounting, and Parishioner Access modules means you spend less time spent on administrative tasks and more time on what truly matters. IconCMO offers you anytime, anywhere access to the powerful tools you need to effectively operate a growing and thriving ministry. Sign up for a free trial today!

Faith Teams is perfect for church plants to 2000 member churches. It is simple and powerful. You won't need to use 3 different systems for your ChMS, service planning, guest followup, email campaigns because it is included in 1 platform. Best of all, the cost is fixed at $40/month. Includes Auto Guest Followup - Group Email/Texting - Membership/Giving/CheckIn - Service Planning / Volunteer Mgmt and more - Free Trial with all features unlocked. Sign up today. We'll help you get on-boarded.

Church Community Builder is a cloud-based church management software designed to empower leaders to be more effective and grow disciples. Our user-friendly church software helps you create effective, organized systems and processes that you can access from anywhere. Features include check-in, contribution management and online giving, forms, volunteer management, guest followup, metrics dashboards, mobile apps, and much more. We also provide software implementation coaching to help you succeed.

Share the Gospel, engage your church, and fuel your mission with The Ultimate Engagement Platform from Subsplash. A beautiful, integrated, affordable and easy-to-manage platform that includes mobile and TV apps, websites, giving, media delivery, and much more. Trusted by 50 of the top 100 leading ministries and over 5000 churches of all sizes. API integrations with the most popular church management systems including Church Community Builder, Planning Center Giving, RockRMS, Breeze, and more.

Web-based ChMS. Our goal: No one slips through the cracks. Do ministry more effectively by tracking follow ups efficiently and by communicating with members & visitors via mass email, SMS, and voicemail - all in one system, with mobile apps that include these features. PLUS get a free mobile app that connects to SimpleChurchCRM with MinistryOne! Learn more at MinistryOne.com

From community engagement platforms to mobile giving and beyond, we partner with churches, schools and more to bring people together in the digital age. In short, we develop technology that powers community. Build exactly what your community needs with our platform. Our customizable mobile app and other digital tools works to magnify your mission. Gain real-time feedback with polls, enable your members to give from anywhere, and spread your mission through podcasts, videos & more.

Church Windows is powerful and flexible yet user-friendly church management software from a well-established leader in the industry. Choose the complete integrated package of Membership, Scheduler, Donations, Accounting and Payroll modules, or begin with one portion and add additional modules later. In addition to the experienced toll-free and online support, we offer free online training classes . Find out why more than 13,000 churches see things clearly through Church Windows Software.

Web based church management software starting at just $25 per month. Sign up for 60 days of FREE service. Church Office Online is a complete turnkey solution for managing your church and ministry. Our software is an easy to use and affordable option for churches of all sizes to manage and engage their congregation. All the features you should expect from a Church Management System, and a whole lot more. PLUS get a free mobile app that connects to Church Office Online at MinistryOne.com

ChurchTools is a web application that facilitates the central administration of contacts data, resources, event planning (including songs), documents and calendars. It is a complete digital solution for all functions that are important for building your church. Try for FREE today!

Imagine Mobile Church is a Cloud-based, church management software designed to make church administration easy. Our software is bilingual, serving English and Spanish churches. We help churches improve: Communication, Donations, Small Groups, Training, and Member Management. By synchronizing ministry calendars, background checks, online giving, small groups, text messaging, donations, tasks and more, your church can increase teamwork, improve communications and innovate guest follow up.

In the 40 years that Shelby has been serving the church community, the mission of making disciples has never wavered. With ShelbyNext and Arena, we strive to do this better. The vision of Shelby is to continue to support and enhance the products churches love, while providing more SaaS-based solutions. ShelbyNext is a fully-integrated ecosystem of cloud-based software solutions: Membership, Giving, Financials, Websites and now featuring MinistryOne, your church's mobile app.

A friendly mobile app creator specializing in churches needs. Increase church attendance, promote events, spread your message effectively with your own mobile app and engage with your church members directly on their smartphones. Just choose a suitable theme & layout, easily add & edit your content and launch it to the app stores. Note: Our technology automatically launches apps on Google Play and iTunes without any previous technical knowledge. Free 14-Day Trial

grplife allows your church to engage like never before. Keep visitors from falling through the cracks by using the power of community to draw in and keep in those touched by your ministry. It's church management with a slightly different focus - rather than centering solely upon the nuances of data control and management, grplife aims at empowering the body to serve, connect, interact and be to one another what Christ has called us to be.

FREE to use, not a trial and no gimmicks. Find out why Glip is used by hundreds of churches to collaborate on ideas and organize events. Easily share calendars, tasks, documents and communicate in a much more efficient and secure way. Unified communication made simple. Try it and find out why many churches have switched to Glip.

MemberLink Church Management Software ~ Manage anything and everything related to your church members, prospects, Contributions, Groups and Attendance, Outreach, Child Check-in, Calendar, Mobile App, and much more. Without question the best priced and value that you'll find in today's Church Software market. All included, no limits or add-on cost. (Fully Cloud-Based)

Try the FREE DEMO of our innovative solution that allows churches to manage their membership and accounting records with ease using either desktop software or running from their web browser. As pressures increase from the I.R.S., Revenue Canada, and other government agencies, most churches and non-profit organizations are looking for tools to meet their responsibilities, and operate more efficiently. If this describes you, Faithful Steward is the answer you've been looking for!

"Save time and get more done, with fewer headaches." Easily keep track of members, contributions, pledges and more... Starts at $47.98 (one-time cost, no monthly fees; no attendance tracking, accounting or payroll) Print or email yearly tax receipts and quarterly statements. Prints church photo directories. Also prints your own offering envelopes. Share data like web-based software without the monthly fee, using DropBox or Google Drive. Exports data to QuickBooks. PC or Mac.

Lumen aims to make your job easier by offering a clean and intuitive set of tools. You can look up contact information on the go with our mobile apps, send an email to everyone in the congregation or just a specific group, begin accepting recurring or one-time contributions via credit card or bank draft, organize groups with to-dos and messages, issue end-of-year giving statements and more! Lumen is one of the most affordable options on the market with plans starting at $19 per month.

CommunityHERO is a volunteer and event registration tool that connects people to projects through a handy mobile app. Volunteers can easily sign up for projects through our free app. Manage projects and communicate with volunteers via text or email from our web-based admin portal. CommunityHERO is perfect for volunteer coordinators at nonprofits, churches, or companies who actively serve in their communities. Try our 30-day free trial to see for yourself!

If you are looking for free online church management software, you'll love Bitrix24. Free for unlimited users, Bitrix24 is a tool of choice by many faith-based and non-profit organizations who have limited funds. More importantly, Bitrix24 has both social tools for engaging your congregation, like social network, user groups, polling, media gallery, shared calendars, video conferencing and business tools like CRM, telephony or project management that help you keep your affair in order.

"Save time and get more done, with fewer headaches." Easily keep track of members, contributions and pledges. Starts at $47.98. (Sorry no attendance tracking, accounting or payroll) Keep track of individual and family membership dues. Dates can be in Gregorian, Hebrew or English transliterated. Print Yahrtzeit letters using the Hebrew day/month for the anniversary. Print/email yearly tax receipts. Share data like web-based software without a monthly fee. Exports to Quickboooks. PC or Mac.

As a pastor, you're busy. And the communication systems you're using are old and inefficient. That's why we created Text In Church. We've helped thousands of churches simplify and improve their church communications. They simply needed a better way. So we've leveraged technology to create 1 simple platform with all the features to connect with your community. We make church communication simple, relevant & effective. Give it a try and begin sending personalized email & text messages today!

Built for small to medium size churches with volunteers and minimal staff, MindMyMinistry keeps all the information everyone needs in a central place. It also reminds rostered people to show up for rehearsals and services automatically. A song database allows planners to select songs for each service with ease, keeping history so you know what happened at any service in the past. Our browser-based, mobile friendly system is in the cloud, and is always up to date.

ChurchBook/DataBase (CBW5) is for small or medium churches to simplify processing of Offerings, automatically crediting church families and adding it to funds within (bank) accounts. Expenses can be handled via simple Accounts Payable and written on checks, ensuring posting of expenses accurately and promptly. Statements to contributors can be generated at any time. Records of individual members and activities generate reports, mailings, simple photo directories. All for $150. Free Trial.

Our passion is equipping churches to do better ministry. ChurchTrac is a powerful tool that enables you to keep up with your membership, improve communication, and organize your team and ministry. We've included everything you need, including contribution tracking, online giving, child check-in, attendance tracking, budgeting and accounting, congregation access, and much more. Perhaps our most impressive feature is our price. Create a free account and discover why thousands of churches trust us.

WorshipTrac was created by worship leaders, for worship leaders. Our software gives you the power to quickly create worship outlines, schedule your people, and manage your music on any device. Features like SongSelect integration, block-out dates, and service templates enable you to free up your time so you can freely worship.

At Acts246, we believe church management tools should be easy to use, and flexible enough to fit a church of any size. There's no steep learning curve or difficult setup process, so you can dive in quickly and start taking advantage of our feature-rich platform immediately.

Buzzsprout is everything you need to podcast. It is the easiest way to host, promote, and track your podcast.

We are passionate about making great applications for churches that are affordable, powerful, and easy to use on any device.

Easy to use, powerful, affordable program for charities and churches for tracking donors and donations and issuing charitable receipts.

Church management software for managing membership, contributions, check in, attendance and church reporting. Starts at $149

Priority Matrix helps managers achieve better workflow accountability and visibility through more effective tasks prioritization.

Realm integrates basic record keeping into the daily motion of church life to keep your staff equipped and your church body engaged.

Ministry Tracker is online church management software from Faithlife, the makers of Logos Bible Software.

Church presentation solution that offers 69 Bible versions, database of song lyrics, announcements and tweets management tools.

Skedda is for space-style scheduling and online bookings. A space may be a court, studio, room, hot desk, and so much more!

Logos Bible Software helps pastors, scholars, and other Christians get more out of their Bible study.

Web-based church management software that automates member care, visitor outreach, volunteer and child check-in, and communication.

All the tools you need to run your organization in one place.

Elvanto is built for any size ministry. All-in-one 100% cloud-based system. Powerful features. Super easy to use. No hidden add-ons.

Membership & Contribution Software $99 and True Fund Accounting $99 Easy to Use & Powerful for churches with volunteer or small staffs.

easyTithe helps you minimize the fees, so you can maximize your ministry by accepting online giving via Web, Text, Kiosk, or Mobile App

Designed for churches, ministries, and faith-based organizations to manage events, staff, finances, schedules, volunteers, and more.

Rock RMS is a community supported open-source Church Management System that provides innovative features to churches of all sizes.

PowerChurch Plus is an all-in-one software that helps keep track of Membership, Contributions, Accounting, Events Calendar and more!

Txt2Give helps you break down donation barriers and make giving easy.

VolunteerLocal is a website for anyone who needs to organize, manage, schedule and communicate with volunteers.

The Pushpay platform is designed to drive participation, inspire generosity, and simplify financial workflows.

High-quality, affordable church presentation software that does its job with no fuss. Download a 30-day fully-functional trial today!

A cloud-based text and voice system for churches and ministries engaging members and visitors over desktop or mobile.

Web-based text messaging solution for churches and non-profits to make connecting with members, visitors, volunteers and staff simple.

Shelby Arena is a large church management system with complete compatibility with Shelby accounting, members and giving software.

Windows-based church management software for any size church.

Make donations to your organization a beautiful, 3-tap experience. Trusted by nearly 10,000 charities & places of worship nationwide.

Total solution for maintaining complete and up-to-date census and membership information for your entire parish.

Cloud platform for associations & non-profits: collect fees and donations, send email and sms, and organize fantastic events.

Web-based application for tracking various church information for campuses with attendance history and contribution history charts.

Quickstaff helps you schedule and organize your staff for your events/jobs - with ease and speed.

We have created a platform that allows churches to have a website that looks great, is easy-to-update, and fits your budget.

Plannerdale is a cloud based CRM solution for Small Businesses, Churches, Clubs, Associations & Event Planners.

The Beautiful & Unique Church App & Online Software that keeps members connected & Giving to your church for under $40 / month.

Browser based software for large and multi-site churches to assist with all aspects of church administration.

Web-based community management system for churches, not for profit organisations and community groups at sensible prices.

Church management software that allows you to view activities, attendance, contributions and pledges per member.

Windows-based church and donor management software that includes a fund accounting system.

Modern church management system powered by the cloud with amazing customer service and powerful tools.

Web-based church management system, offering address book management and much more!

Reach your people when you need to and hear back. Send quick text messages and beautiful emails with Flocknote.

Web-based solution that allows you to manage content, contacts, sermon database, members, online giving, events and registration.

Software that makes it easy for Catholic parishes to manage parish data and communications.

Church software with integrated contribution management and fund accounting. We make it easy to keep track of church money!

Unified church management platform with communication and administration tools. Children check-in and giving modules available.

The most affordable and powerful custom church app platform for small and mid-sized churches.

Secure children's check-in system for churches, fitness centers and child care organizations.

A full-featured, mature, and ministry-relevant church data base system to track and easily use your important data.

All the church's administrative needs are brought together in one easy-to-use place, allowing pastors and church leaders the freedom to

GroupAhead is the only platform that provides you with your own dedicated smartphone and tablet app - the best way to engage members.

CFS Live handles all your church management basics and more!

Through effortless sync technology, the Church360 suite integrates to help keep all your church information up-to-date and accurate.

StreamSpot is an all-inclusive streaming solution designed with simplicity in mind.

HVAC system management software for churches, short term rentals, & commercial buildings. Energy efficiency focused to save you money.

Web-based church management software that has features for membership, check-in, finances, ticketing, and follow-up process automation.

E-zekiel helps you grow your digital ministry with online giving, website design, and church management.

Network ready software for tracking payroll, accounting, attendance, membership, and contributions.

A web-based database solution for all churches including tools for small groups, new Christian follow up, online donation management

Registration, contribution, education, ministries, volunteers, pledge, festival, endowment, scheduling, employee records, and more.

Intuitive online software that manages contributions, services and check-in, church/group rosters, event calendars, and attendance.

Ministry Scheduler Pro helps churches schedule, connect, and grow their ministries.

A free church database program created with PHP and MySQL to help churches track members, families, groups, pledges and payments.

Church App, Free Giving Suite, Website Builder

Easy to use system with visitor tracking, group management, attendance tracking, email members, mobile version, and searching function

Integrated Diocese-Parish automation software designed for Catholic Dioceses in India and Africa

Free open-source web-based church directory and social networking software for churches.

Online church management system with an integrated web site editor and social networking for your church members.

Windows-based synagogue membership and accounting software. Optional school module available.

Church software that allows Catholic parishes to implement stewardship campaigns, manage member details and contribution information.

A complete web-based church management system that integrates with a community web site solution.

ChurchUser is an affordable church management software.

Manage the Details. Love the People. All-in-one pastoral care tool that handles your church information with ease.

A full-featured, mobile-friendly prayer request and praise report management center.

Advanced and automatic donation recording into the most popular church management platforms and exporting into nearly any other.

Software to track your members and attendees, assimilate visitors, manage donations, support your volunteers, and establish calendars.

Online management software for home owner associations, condo associations, property management companies and churches.

Full-featured software solution that tracks your membership, attendance, contributions, finances, prospects and visitors.

Online donations and fundraising platform for growing organizations

Nonprofit management system with membership, donor management, events, registrations, email, reporting, portal, accounting & much more.

Web-based software with easy-to-use cash accounting, donation tracking, and contact management tools for churches and not-for-profits.

A cloud based church management system that gives you the power to totally manage the affairs of the church, from people to sermons.

Modular CMS with small groups and volunteer profiles management, contributions, online event registration, and online photo directory.

Website building system with church specific templates and easy-to-use content management tools.

A fully managed church management solution. Manage your events, online directory, rotas, emails and more all in one place!

Church intranet on the cloud with emails/events/urgent text messages to members or groups with e-giving tracking and year end reports.

Starts at $14.95/month. Church management solution with attendance tracking, membership database, volunteers, events, registration.

Parish Management Software

Enables your leaders to work and manage the church as a team, and know who is truly involved at the touch of a button.

Outreach, Integrated Giving, Calendars, Tasks, Communication, Engagement; All in one web-based church management software platform.

Simple Church Management and Photo Directory Software. Manage members, print directories, sync with MailChimp for emailing. Web-based.

Web-based church administration solution that helps the modern church stay connected to its congregation.

Packed with features to make church admin simple and to help with Pastoral Care.

Affordable, easy-to-use church management software that records key religious data; tracks members, addresses, and contributions.

RaiserSharp is the industry's most sophisticated & modern donor management software. Give us a try for free for a limited # of records.

Generate service or ministry schedules for churches, clubs, and family-based organizations.

Member contributions tracking and management software that enables churches to manage membership details and keep track finances.

MinistryLinq decreases administration efforts and encourages automated periodic giving, resulting in more time and money.

Free Church Kiosk let's you capture donations and donor opportunities, manage church events, and customize your kiosk.

Subscription-based church management software that includes contribution tracking, events scheduling, and attendance tracking tools.

Cloud-based solution to strengthen relationships with your members and visitors using activity management, member portal, and more.

Contribution and pledge tracking system with rapid data entry, customized reports for any period, and quick searching by name.

Bridge Element ChMS helps you manage and grow your congregation with an app, child check-in, and online giving.

Web-based, modular solution with church website management, community forums, e-learning platform, assessment, and team building tools.

Web-based software that allows local churches to coordinate a follow-up ministry, track guests and follow-up conversations with guests.

Online church member photo directory w/free mobile app. Custom designed & linked to your website. Member, family, staff & group listin

Online church management software that helps shift your focus from the duties of membership to the dynamics of ministry.

A suite of financial applications such as general ledger, payables, and receivables, for churches and nonprofits.

We make it EASY to record, archive, and email your sermons to your congregation. Fun and easy to use, 100% money-back guarantee.

A powerful and easy-to-use online church database software to help churches as they disciple, equip, steward, preach, and more.

Web platform for church administration with an integrated mobile app for member engagement and easy digital donations.

Church personnel directory solution with dynamic help section. Windows and Macintosh compatible.

WordPress plugin that organizes communication, scheduling, and household data for church websites.

A church app solution with notification & announcement page, video integration, audio Bible, and more.

Church Growth Software is a purpose driven church management software designed to help with church growth

Church administration software with solutions for membership management, event scheduling, donation management, and accounting.

A church management solution with features for membership, event, and fund management; child care check in; and administrative tools.

Church Management software that lets you target specific donors with ease and sophistication as well as providing CRM functionality.

Shareware solution that allows churches to capture unlimited details about their members. Comes with King James version of the Bible.

Keep records of family, offerings, financial and attendance information and produce inquiries and reports.

Simple member tracking and church management tool that is offered free of charge.

Church Secretary for Windows is an affordable but comprehensive program for church management.

Simple church management software that helps active congregations manage member information, share resources and communicate online.

Free CRM system with member location visualization functionality for your church.

Online church software designed to manage membership, stewardship, donations, and groups; schedule resources and classes.

Data driven web solution that manages mailing list, youth groups, events, and visits; provides online giving and online registrations.

ChurchTracer combines everything your church needs into one system- members, visitors, attendance, follow-up, contributions and more.

Designed specifically for Windows PCs to help your church office keep track of membership, attendance, contributions, and pledges.

Church management software that includes member management, donations, fund accounting, attendance tracking, and visitation modules.

Church organizational management system for Windows. Allows churches to manage pledges, attendance, giving, and inventory.

Designed to help churches use the Internet to grow their ministry with online directory, event calendar, text editing, and more.

Online church directory solution that allows churches and schools to organize and manage family-oriented, interactive directory.

Calculate member statistics and prepare financial reports for five denominations of Christian churches.

A comprehensive solution enabling organization growth via lead, membership, donor, event, volunteer, mentor management.

Parish management solution for attendance management, church records maintenance, facilities management, funds and finances tracking.

A full service church communications platform and CRM. Includes people, rostering, planning, follow ups, email, SMS, and check-in.

A database system allowing you to manage membership, measure congregation performance, schedule events, track expenses and budgets.

Robust group search engine, easy usability and fine-tuned small group management tools.

Windows-based accounting package that allows local church treasurers to handle receipts, check writing, budgeting, reports, and more.

Regain your time spent coordinating, tracking and communicating with your event volunteers in 30 days or less with kono.

All-in-one cloud software for church management suitable for any type of church institution.

Web-based software that helps Catholic parishes manage accounting, contributions, and sacramental records.

Church bookkeeping software designed to record member giving, attendance and information; print labels, envelopes, reports, and checks.