# Key Project Management Methodologies | Capterra > Exploring project management methodologies? Discover key approaches like Agile, Waterfall, and Kanban, and the top-rated tools to apply them effectively. Source: https://www.capterra.com/resources/project-management-methodologies-features --- # Key Project Management Methodologies and Top-Rated Tools That Offer Them Written by: Preksha Buttan Preksha ButtanAuthor Writer Experience I am a writer at Capterra, where I've been providing expert insights to help small businesses find the right software solutions since Janua... [See bio & all articles](https://www.capterra.com/resources/author/pbuttan/) and edited by: Caroline Rousseau Caroline RousseauEditor Senior Content Editor Experience As a senior content editor, and formerly as a content analyst, at Capterra, I have been crafting, writing, and refining rese... [See bio & all articles](https://www.capterra.com/resources/author/caroline-rousseau/) Published November 27, 2025 17 min read Table of Contents - [Common project management methodologies explained](#common-project-management-methodologies-explained) - [Top-rated project management tools](#top-rated-project-management-tools-and-common-pm-methodology-support) - [How to choose the ideal project management methodology](#how-to-choose-the-ideal-project-management-methodology-for-your-projects) Some [project management tools](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1En010sjHLsOOl3LjYQALUUbC1XqYncbZhKsSYGqD0hE/edit?tab=t.xif6moj6pe9t) are well-suited for Agile, Scrum, or Lean methodologies. Others align with Waterfall or the Critical Path Method. Learning how each methodology works helps you pick software that supports your approach so that you can hit deadlines with less friction. Latest trends show teams value flexibility. **41%\* of our survey respondents now use hybrid project management methodologies**, combining elements that suit their context. That trend raises the bar for tool fit. This guide breaks down the five most common methodologies and shows how the 10 top-rated project management tools, listed alphabetically, support them. This comparison can help you match the tool to the way your team delivers results. **Common project management methodologies and top-rated tools that support them** **Software** **Agile** **Waterfall** **Scrum** **CPM** **Leam** Asana Yes Yes Yes Yes No Basecamp No No No No No ClickUp Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Jira Yes No Yes No Yes Microsoft Project Yes Yes No Yes No Miro Yes No Yes Yes No monday.com Yes No Yes No Yes Notion Yes Yes Yes No Yes Smartsheet Yes No Yes Yes Yes Trello Yes No Yes No Yes _Note: Methodology analysis as of November 2025_ ## Common project management methodologies explained Project management teams use different ways of organizing work. Each methodology guides how goals are set, how decisions are made, and how progress is delivered. Understanding the basics helps you choose an approach that fits your project’s clarity, pace, and level of change. - **Agile**: Adapt as the project develops by breaking the work into smaller parts and delivering them in short cycles. Share early results and use feedback to shape the next steps. This process helps teams handle changing needs without slowing down. It keeps attention on delivering useful outcomes often, learning from what works, and improving as the project moves forward, instead of relying on a fixed plan. - **Waterfall**: Follow a clear, sequential process from planning to delivery. Complete one phase before starting the next, covering design, build, testing, and launch. This works best when requirements are known upfront and unlikely to shift later. Teams gain a predictable timeline with defined responsibilities. The trade-off is that changes late in the project become difficult and can extend both effort and cost. - **Scrum**: Work in short cycles called sprints. Choose a set of tasks for each cycle and review the outcome at the end. Meet daily to check progress and solve issues early. Everyone helps decide what gets done next based on results and priorities. Scrum keeps teams aligned, supports quick decisions, and ensures each cycle produces something useful that guides the path ahead. - **Critical path method**: Identify the tasks that control the entire project timeline. Estimate how long each task will take and find the sequence where delays would push back the final delivery date. This sequence becomes the critical path. It helps leaders focus time and resources where they matter most. The method creates a realistic schedule and helps teams react quickly when risks appear. - **Lean**: Remove steps that do not add value. Review the full path from start to finish and reduce delays, extra work, or handoffs. Keep tasks moving with fewer interruptions. Lean encourages teams to improve the flow each day and address issues before they grow. The focus stays on delivering what customers need faster while using time and resources responsibly. ## Top-rated project management tools and common PM methodology support ### 1\. [Asana](https://www.capterra.com/p/184581/Asana-PM/) Asana provides a workspace where teams can plan and execute projects by breaking work into tasks with assigned owners and deadlines. It offers multiple views—list, board, and timeline—to match different workflows. Each task includes related files, updates, and comments, centralizing information. Automation features help eliminate repetitive actions. The progress tracker highlights tasks that are on time or delayed. Asana supports visibility across teams by keeping work organized and accessible. It is used to manage tasks, monitor timelines, and maintain accountability throughout a project’s lifecycle. #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $10.99 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, chatbot, email support, video tutorials, and community forum #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Asana supports it** **Related Asana features** Agile Supports Agile methodology as it is built for iterative work. Teams plan and manage Agile projects and shift priorities as work evolves. Board view for iterative planning Goal tracking to monitor progress Custom fields for workflow Waterfall Offers waterfall templates that help teams plan work in a set sequence with clear deadlines and relationships between tasks. Timeline (Gantt-style) view Task dependencies Milestones to mark key phases Scrum Supports sprint cycles with boards, status updates, and visibility into tasks in motion. Sprint boards Status fields and workflow states Workload visibility for team capacity Critical Path Method (CPM) Offers a CPM template that helps visualize a project timeline from start to finish and highlight mission-critical due dates.  Dependencies in task workflows Timeline highlights schedule risks Due dates and milestones Lean While Asana doesn’t specifically support Lean methodology, it offers features that simplify project handoffs by removing extra steps through automation and focused workflows. Kanban-style boards Rules and automation ### What users say about Asana _“What I liked most about using Asana, is the design is very appealing, and its also very user friendly. While creating Project Management tasks it is pretty effective and supported my Agile team well.”_ — Cassandra S., Clinical Project Manager ### 2\. [Basecamp](https://www.capterra.com/p/56808/Basecamp/) Basecamp organizes project components—tasks, messages, files, deadlines, and notes—within a single interface. It includes tools such as To-dos for task management, Message Boards for team communication, and Card Tables for visual tracking. Hill Charts provide a visual representation of progress toward goals. Automated Check-ins collect status updates from team members without requiring meetings. Each project is structured to keep relevant information grouped together.  #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $15 per user per month (billed monthly) #### Customer support Help documentation, email support, and priority support in higher paid plans #### Device Compatibilty Basecamp doesn’t refer to or structure its features around any specific project management methodology. It offers flexible tools that teams can adapt to their own way of working, without enforcing Agile, Scrum, Waterfall, CPM, or Lean approaches. **Methodology** **How Basecamp handles it** **Related Basecamp features** Agile Basecamp does not reference Agile in its product guidance and instead focuses on flexible task management. To-dos Card table Activity timeline Waterfall Basecamp does not outline sequential phase planning. Work can still be grouped and scheduled within each project. Schedule Project folders Scrum Sprints and Scrum ceremonies are not included, but teams can keep conversations and tasks organized in one place. Message board Hill Charts Automatic check-ins Critical Path Method (CPM) There is no critical path tracking, although teams can view assignments and key dates at a high level. Schedule view Task assignments Lean Basecamp does not reference Lean methodology, but its centralized approach reduces switching between tools. Automatic check-ins Centralized communication ### What users say about Basecamp _“You can upload documents and track progress with ease and it has kept us all organised and doesn’t take up too much time to input any data.”_ — Alisha Y., Associate Solicitor ### 3\. [ClickUp](https://www.capterra.com/p/158833/ClickUp/) ClickUp offers a centralized workspace for managing tasks, documents, goals, and communication. Users can switch between List, Board, and Gantt views to structure work. Built-in automation and templates reduce manual setup and recurring actions. Progress tracking displays key metrics, and Goal features link tasks to broader objectives. ClickUp supports customization across workflows and departments. It includes features for time tracking, collaboration, and reporting.  #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $7 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, chatbot, email support, technical support portal, community forums, and priority support available in higher-tier plans. #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How ClickUp supports it** **Related ClickUp features** Agile Supports Agile workflows with sprints, backlogs, and flexible planning that teams can change anytime. Sprint management Board view Custom fields Waterfall Offers templates and Gantt chart planning that allow teams to map work in a set sequence and track dependencies. Gantt view Dependencies Milestones Scrum Helps run Scrum ceremonies and track sprint status with boards and reporting built for team updates. Scrum points Sprints Burndown charts Critical Path Method (CPM) Highlights key tasks that impact timelines by showing how delays affect project delivery. Critical path display in Gantt Task dependencies Time estimates Lean Supports reduced handoffs and fewer delays with automation and workflows focused on eliminating extra steps. Automation Kanban-style board view Workload view ### What users say about ClickUp _“You can chiose to work in waterfall, agile or hybrid, and you can create custom dashboards for having all under control.”_ — Leonardo L., Operations Director ### 4\. [Jira](https://www.capterra.com/p/19319/JIRA/) Jira is a project management tool that supports planning, tracking, and releasing work. It offers customizable views, such as lists, boards, and timelines. Teams can use issue types, workflows, and templates to manage various project types, including software development and marketing. Reporting tools and AI features help identify blockers and monitor progress. Jira centralizes task management and collaboration, allowing users to align work with business goals. It supports Agile methodologies and integrates with other tools for broader project visibility. #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $7.91 per user per month for 300 users (billed monthly) #### Customer support Help center, email support, community forum, live chat, and self-service portal #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Jira supports it** **Related Jira features** Agile Supports iterative planning and task tracking that teams can adjust at any point during execution. Scrum boards Kanban boards Backlog Waterfall Can be adapted for sequential planning using timelines and dependencies, although it’s not a native Waterfall tool. Timeline (Advanced Roadmaps) Issue linking Gantt-style apps via Marketplace Scrum Helps plan and monitor sprint cycles with visual boards and built-in reporting. Scrum boards Sprints Burndown charts Critical Path Method (CPM) Offers roadmap and dependency tracking to identify tasks that could delay delivery. Dependencies in Advanced Roadmaps Start and due dates Project roadmap Lean Does not reference Lean methodology directly, but Agile workflows can be adapted to reduce redundant steps. Kanban boards Workflow automation ### What users say about Jira _“We can customize it specifically for our agile processes, whether that is kanban boards for tracking progress visually, sprint planning, or backlog.”_ — Carlos R., Junior Marketing Officer ### 5\. [Microsoft Project](https://www.capterra.com/p/198049/Microsoft-Project/) Microsoft Project provides tools for scheduling, task management, and resource allocation. Users can define task details, such as start and end dates, durations, and dependencies. Grid, board, and timeline views offer different perspectives on project progress. The platform integrates with Microsoft 365 applications, allowing access to shared files and communication tools. Templates are available to standardize project setup. Microsoft Project is used to plan and monitor work, manage timelines, and track resource usage across teams and departments. Error Could not fetch Product Information **Methodology** **How Microsoft Project supports it** **Related Microsoft Project features** Agile Supports work planning with visual task organization that can shift as priorities change. Board view Grid view Task assignments Waterfall Enables phase-based planning using schedules, task relationships, and timeline tracking. Gantt Chart view Dependencies Timeline Scrum Doesn’t have core Scrum capabilities but can support Scrum-style tracking through Agile boards. Board view Task progress tracking Critical Path Method (CPM) Shows the task sequence that impacts the overall timeline and flags schedule risks. Critical path display Task dependencies Start and finish dates Lean Does not reference Lean specifically, but teams can still reduce extra steps by organizing and viewing work in one place. Board view Task assignments ### What users say about Microsoft Project _“We use this for sprint planning and management in our agile framework.”_ ### 6\. [Miro](https://www.capterra.com/p/128955/Miro/) Miro is a digital whiteboard platform that supports visual collaboration and planning. It offers an infinite canvas for creating diagrams, workflows, and brainstorming sessions using sticky notes, shapes, and templates. The Intelligent Canvas feature enhances visual organization, while Blueprints and Formats automate recurring setups. Miro integrates with tools like Slack and Microsoft Teams to support real-time collaboration. It is used for workshops, retrospectives, design sprints, and strategic planning. Teams can work simultaneously on shared boards, regardless of location. #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $8 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, support ticket, email support, community forum, and live chat #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Miro supports it** **Related Miro features** Agile Supports agile planning with visual boards and templates that teams can update as work evolves. Agile board templates User story mapping Retrospective templates Waterfall Does not specifically support Waterfall, but can enable mapping work in a sequence using diagrams and timelines, with templates that outline each phase. Project timeline Flowchart templates Waterfall model template Scrum Helps organize sprint ceremonies with pre-built structures for planning, standups, and reviews. Scrum board template Sprint planning templates Daily stand-up templates Critical Path Method (CPM) Provides visual CPM templates to show task order and dependencies for schedule planning. CPM template Task dependency mapping Lean Does not offer direct support but enables Lean practices through structured boards and workflows that reduce unnecessary steps. Agile board templates User story mapping Retrospective templates Lean project management templates Kanban board templates ### What users say about Miro _“With Miro, we are ensuring that every project we have is completed within the right timelines and everyone is involved in the project.”_  — Njoki W., Press Machine Operator ### 7\. [monday.com](https://www.capterra.com/p/147657/monday-com/) monday.com provides a visual workspace for managing projects and tasks. Users can choose from list, board, timeline, or Gantt views to organize work. Each task includes fields for ownership, due dates, and status indicators. Automation rules help reduce manual updates, and integrations with tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, and Google Workspace connect workflows. Dashboards display project metrics and progress. Templates are available for structured project initiation. monday.com is used to coordinate team activities, monitor timelines, and centralize task tracking. #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $9 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, live chat, email support, community forum, and premium support for higher paid plans #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How monday.com supports it** **Related monday.com features** Agile Supports agile planning and tracking with boards and workflows that teams can adjust as work changes. Kanban view Backlog management Custom automation Waterfall Allows teams to set up sequential plans using timeline and dependency features, although it is not positioned as a Waterfall tool. Gantt view Dependencies Timeline Scrum Provides Scrum-style organization through templates and visual sprint planning setups. Scrum board template Sprint planning boards Workload Critical Path Method (CPM) Offers schedule visibility with dependency mapping that can highlight critical tasks, although CPM is not highly emphasized. Task dependencies Timeline Lean Supports Lean-inspired workflows through automation and boards that help reduce unnecessary steps. Kanban view Automation Dashboards ### What users say about monday.com  _“The best part of Monday is the educational tools and seminars to help you not only get maximum value from the platform, but it also helps you create better processes for the agile framework for your own business.”_ — Carmellita T., Director ### 8\. [Notion](https://www.capterra.com/p/186596/Notion/) Notion combines documentation, task tracking, and collaboration in a single workspace. Users can create tasks with assigned owners and deadlines, and switch between list, board, and timeline views. Each task can include files, comments, and updates, keeping related information together. Automation features help reduce repetitive actions. Templates and integrations allow teams to customize the workspace for different use cases, such as planning, design, or development.  #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $10 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, support ticket, email support, and community forum #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Notion supports it** **Related Notion features** Agile Supports Agile-style work by tracking user stories, sprints, and backlogs within customizable databases. Board view Database templates Custom properties Waterfall Enables sequential planning through roadmap templates and timeline organization. Timeline view Dependencies (via relations) Project tracker templates Scrum Helps organize sprint work through Kanban boards and templates, although Scrum is not a core focus. Board view Sprint templates Critical Path Method (CPM) Allows teams to approximate critical paths using timelines and task relationships, although CPM is not built in. Timeline view Relations between tasks Lean Supports Lean-style process mapping and simplified workflows through customizable layouts. Lean process templates Kanban-style boards ### What users say about Notion _“I initially started using it as a note-taking tool, but later found it extremely helpful for task management and documentation in agile projects.”_ — Sangji L., IT Consultant ### 9\. [Smartsheet](https://www.capterra.com/p/79104/Smartsheet/) Smartsheet offers a platform for planning, tracking, automating, and reporting on work. Users can build sheets and dashboards, assign tasks with deadlines, and choose from grid, card, Gantt, or timeline views. Automation rules manage approvals, updates, and notifications. Portfolios consolidate multiple projects for oversight of progress, budgets, and risks. Smartsheet integrates with other business tools to maintain data consistency. It is used by teams to manage complex workflows, monitor performance, and support decision-making with reporting features. #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $19 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support: Help center, support tickets, live chat, phone support, email support, and chatbot #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Smartsheet supports it** **Related Smartsheet features** Agile Supports Agile work through boards, backlog tracking, and templates that help organize tasks in cycles. Card view Backlog templates Automation Waterfall Allows teams to map phase-based work using timelines and dependencies, although it is not a core capability. Gantt view Dependencies Project plan templates Scrum Enables sprint organization and Scrum event visibility through Agile-focused templates and boards. Card view Sprint templates Scrum resources package Critical Path Method (CPM) Shows critical tasks that influence the schedule using path calculation and linked tasks. Critical path in Gantt Dependencies Timeline Lean Supports Lean-style workflows with templates that help simplify steps and visualize flow. Lean project plan templates Card view ### What users say about Smartsheet _“You can track your resources and schedules in many different views like Grid, Card, Gantt, or Calendar.”_ — Jaden T., Writer ### 10\. [Trello](https://www.capterra.com/p/211559/Trello/) Trello utilizes a board-based system to visually organize projects. Boards represent projects, lists show stages, and cards contain tasks with due dates, attachments, comments, and checklists. Users can move cards between lists to reflect progress. Automation handles repetitive tasks, such as sending reminders and moving cards. Templates and Power-Ups add functionality, such as Timeline and Calendar views, and integrate with tools like Slack and Google Drive.  #### Trial/Free Version - Free Trial - Free Version #### Starting price $5 per user per month (billed annually) #### Customer support Help center, support ticket, email support, community forum, and premium support for higher paid plans #### Device Compatibilty **Methodology** **How Trello supports it** **Related Trello features** Agile Supports visual work planning that adapts to changing priorities using boards and cards. Boards Lists Cards Waterfall Allows for linear task organization through lists and timelines, although it is not designed for phased Waterfall planning. Timeline view (Power-Up) Due dates Scrum Provides templates and board setups that help manage backlog items and track sprint progress. Scrum board template Checklists for sub-tasks Critical Path Method (CPM) Does not include features to display critical path tracking or task-timing impact. Not supported Lean Supports Lean-style flow by helping teams reduce handoffs and track progress visually on Kanban boards. Kanban boards Automation (Butler) ### What users say about Trello _“Trello is probably the easiest to pick up and use of all the project management software that is commonly found in businesses. If you've worked in a kanban/agile team, especially, however browsing the templates makes it clear that there are many other creative approaches you can take outside of that.”_ — Ed C., Head of Digital, Communications, and Marketing ## How to choose the ideal project management methodology for your projects Projects have different levels of uncertainty, stakeholder demands, and delivery risks. A methodology establishes a shared way of working, ensuring expectations remain aligned and progress remains visible. Choosing the right methodology upfront reduces confusion, improves accountability, and protects timelines from avoidable delays. Consider these five factors before deciding: - **The nature of the work** If the project has a **fixed scope and timeline**, a structured method such as Waterfall or Critical Path Method helps to lock in decisions early and track progress against a clear plan. When you have **changing priorities** as the project moves forward, common in product improvements or innovation work, an iterative approach, such as Agile or Scrum, provides room to adjust. For **continuous workflows** with repeated tasks, a Lean or Kanban-style setup keeps work moving without formal phases. - **Team structure and skills** **Teams with defined roles** and strong planning habits are comfortable with methods that require detailed upfront work, such as Waterfall or CPM. **Teams that collaborate daily** and share responsibilities across functions respond better to Agile or Scrum. **Smaller or newer teams** often benefit from lighter processes, making Lean or Kanban a more realistic starting point. - **Stakeholder involvement** Some projects require **frequent feedback and changing directions**. Agile and Scrum make this easier because stakeholders review progress throughout. Other projects move through **fixed approval gates**. In those cases, Waterfall and CPM support predictable timelines and structured checkpoints. - **Timeline and dependency risk** If **delays** in one part of the project create a domino effect, CPM helps identify critical tasks and monitor risks that could affect delivery. If you have **flexible timelines and scope**, Agile allows teams to adjust what gets delivered in each cycle, rather than slipping deadlines. - **Maturity and consistency** A methodology must be sustainable. Teams with **limited experience** in structured processes may adopt a simpler approach first and layer in more rigor as they build confidence. **Teams familiar with planning and reporting** may apply more detailed rules without slowing down. ## Capterra's 2026 Software Buying Trends Report ### Download our 2026 Software Buying Trends Report to see how successful software adopters avoid disappointment and how your business can, too. * * * ### Was this article helpful? * * * ## About the Authors [### Preksha Buttan](https://www.capterra.com/resources/author/pbuttan/) Preksha Buttan is a writer at Capterra. She provides insights to help small businesses identify the right software for their needs by analyzing more than 550,000 Capterra user reviews and nearly 48,000 interactions between Capterra software advisors and buyers. [### Caroline Rousseau](https://www.capterra.com/resources/author/caroline-rousseau/) After three years of building surveys, analyzing data, and writing her own research, Caroline has been a senior content editor since 2022. Her previous experience as an analyst converged into a skill set that allows her to help her peers develop and produce compelling content about today’s business matters. ### RELATED READING - [What’s Behind the Pricing Jump in Project Management Software Plans](https://www.capterra.com/resources/project-management-software-pricing/) - [What is a Job Requisition? Here’s Everything You Need to Know](https://www.capterra.com/resources/what-is-a-job-requisition/) - [Free CRM Software vs. Paid: Features, Costs, and Comparison](https://www.capterra.com/resources/free-vs-paid-software-for-crm-guide/) - [Accounting Trends in 2026: How AI Is Changing Work, Skills, and Strategy](https://www.capterra.com/resources/accounting-trends-ai-software-changing-work/) - [Bookkeeper vs. Accounts Payable Software: Which One Should You Choose?](https://www.capterra.com/resources/category-compare-bookkeeper-vs-accounts-payable-software/) - [How to Unlock Real AI Benefits in Sales and Marketing](https://www.capterra.com/resources/ai-benefits-sales-marketing-software/) - [5 Key Help Desk Software Features With Top Products That Offer Them](https://www.capterra.com/resources/help-desk-software-key-features/) - [How To Build the Right Project Management Tech Stack for Your Business](https://www.capterra.com/resources/project-management-tech-stack/) - [Why You Need Project Management Software With ADP Integration](https://www.capterra.com/resources/project-management-software-with-adp-integration/) To identify project management methodologies and products: - We reviewed search volume data for project management methodologies, as of November 2025, and identified the five most frequently researched approaches to include in this list. - We then used the [2025 Capterra Shortlist for Project Management](https://www.capterra.com/project-management-software/shortlist/) to identify the top 10 tools to feature in this list based on the popularity and ratings score. ([Read the complete Capterra Shortlist methodology.](https://www.capterra.com/resources/research-methodologies/)) - For details about each product's features and supported methodologies, we referenced publicly available sources, primarily vendor websites, as of November 2025. In some cases, vendors supply us with information, which our research team then validates via public sources. Review excerpts are passages extracted from longer reviews written by verified reviewers. We obtain these excerpts by applying an algorithm that considers factors including, but not limited to, length, sentiment, topic coverage, and thematic relevance. Excerpts represent user opinions and do not represent the views of, nor constitute, an endorsement by Software Advice or its affiliates. Excerpts are trimmed for brevity. \*Capterra’s Project Management (PM) Software Trends Survey was conducted in July 2025 among 2,545 respondents in Australia (n=240), Brazil (n=227), Canada (n=227), France (n=241), Germany (n=224), India (n=216), Italy (n=227), Mexico (n=236), Spain (n=239), the U.K. (n=237), and the U.S. (n=231). The goal of the study was to understand the PM methodologies and software that companies are using, their benefits and challenges, and the impact of AI on project management. Respondents were screened for full-time employment at companies with more than one employee, working in management-level roles or above. Respondents were also confirmed to be at least partially responsible for PM software purchase decisions and operations within their organization.